Hydraulic components rely on hydraulic fluid for various functions, and not only for the transfer of energy in the form of pressure and flow, from one point to another. Along with transmitting this energy, the hydraulic fluid is also designed to lubricate, transfer heat, seal and remove contaminations with a filter.
- Removing of contaminants is done through the use of filters and occurs as the fluid flows through every part of the system. Whether this contamination is internal or external, the contaminants will be transported through the fluid stream and then carried back to where it will be trapped by the filters. A return line filter and pressure filter mounted after the pump are suggested to effectively trap the contaminants in strategic locations.
- The transferal of heat is done through the liquid which is an excellent convection of thermal energy. However, the heat created can reduce the viscosity of the fluid and needs to be carried away from the components and cooled. The components that are the major heat generators are the pumps, the motors and the relief valves. Reservoirs are put in place to store the fluid while it cools down. A cooler should be added when the heat generated is too high.
- Hydraulic fluid does not only aid in sealing but can be considered a sealing medium itself due to the pressure exerted against the seal. The hydraulic fluid needs to be at its ideal viscosity range to ensure that its sealing properties are effective.
- For all the components in a hydraulic system to move against each other effectively and reliably the fluid needs to provide lubrication. Hydraulic fluid needs to be at its ideal lubricity, and for this to occur overheating and excessive water saturation needs to be monitored and avoided.
Hydraulic fluid has various functions and advantages and being familiar with them and their importance helps when running and looking after your hydraulic equipment. For information on hydraulic fluids, and which one works best for your application, Power Team SA will be able to find a solution. With decades of experience in hydraulic systems and components, Power Team SA is able to provide expert advice.